The Sargaz granitic intrusion has been emplaced in Sargaz ophiolitic suite, south-east of Sanandaj-Sirjan metamorphic zone, south of Kerman province. The central part of the intrusive body contains pinkish coarse-grained granite, but the fractured northern part, neighboring Chah-Mazraeh fault, has been subjected to pervasive Na-metasomatism and related subsolidus reactions. In the northern altered rocks, the primary magmatic textures have been changed into a new generation of albite along with chlorite, epidote and sericite. Petrographically, in Sargaz altered rocks, albite occurs as overgrowth, crack-filling, vug-filling and interstitial forms. The first form has been replaced the primary plagioclase, and/or alkali feldspars by a coupled dissolution-reprecipitation mechanism, while, the other forms have been crystallized from Na-rich alkali fluids during Nametasomatism. In Sargaz unaltered granites, primary feldspars contain oligoclase (An23.8-An10.6) and K-feldspar (kf70-kf95.9), while, metasomatic feldspars are entirely albite (An8.4-An0.3) without any chemical zonation. Na-metasomatism in these rocks resulted obvious mass changes in rock composition, as the altered rock are enriched in Na, La, Y, Yb, Hf and Th and depleted in K, Fe, Mg, Ca, Sr, Co and Zn. Si, P, Rb, Ti, Al and Zr possibly acted as immobile elements during Na-metasomatism. Evidences in Sargaz intrusion show that alkali Na-rich fluids caused Na-metasomatism as dissolution of primary quartz and then, crystallization of albite. Microcracks facilitated infiltration of fluids. During the metasomatism, enough quartz grains were dissolved, thereby releasing silica for the formation of different forms of new albites, thus, the role of quartz dissolution, is more important than those expected earlier.

Sargaz-Abshur (Sikhoran) ultramafic-mafic complex, which is situated in Esfandagheh area, SE Sanandaj-Sirjan metamorphic-magmatic zone, intruded into Upper Paleozoic-Triassic metamorphic rocks and covered by Jurassic sedimentary rocks. This complex consists of harzburgite and porphyroclastic dunites of the residual mantle (tectonites), layered ultramafic-mafic cumulates, large isotropic gabbro intrusion and scattered microgabbroic to diabasic dykes. It does not have extrusive and sedimentary parts of a topical ophiolite sequence (e. g., diabasic swarm dykes, massive and pillow basalts, hyaloclastites, chert, radiolarite and pelagic limestone). The complex is like a large pluton that caused the intensive contact metamorphism of Upper Paleozoic-Triassic rocks through the widespread partial melting of amphibolites, thus it is not an ophiolite sequence. The pluton is mainly comprised of porphyroclastic dunites and layered ultramafic-mafic cumulates. Crspinel is enriched or depleted in Cr, having magmatic to residual origins and found in the layered ultramafic (mantle) part of the pluton. The Euhedral Cr-spinel crystalized between olivine grains or as inclusion with massive and layered cumulative textures. It is chromite, magnesiochromite, hercynite in composition, corresponding to Cr-spinels of depleted peridotites from the supra-subduction zone (SSZ), especially those magmas of SSZ that reacted with boninitic magmas. Detailed field works together with previous and new geochronological ages of pegmatite veins related to partial melting of host amphibolite show the alpine type Sargaz-Abshour ultramafic-mafic pluton was ascended as a astenospheric mantle diaper in extensional intra/fore-arc basin of the Andyan type of Sanandaj-Sirjan metamorphic-magmatic zone during the Late Triassic-Early Jurassic (187. 2 ±,2. 6 Ma).

The Aralan intrusion is located about 35 Km southwest of Marand in northwestern part of the Central Iran. This intrusion is composed of Codomain granitoid rocks that intruded into Precambrian Kahar Formation. The composition of the intrusion varies from Alkali feldspar granite to granite and mineralogically includes quartz, alkali feldspar, plagioclase, zircon and opaque minerals. These rocks display granular, perthitic, granophyric and myrmekitic textures. Evidences such as decreasing in grain size, cracking, fracturing, twin bending, kinking, recrystallization and myrmekitization indicate the role of shear zone in the study area, which has partly caused some deformation in the study rocks. This intrusion, based on textural evidence, is a hypabyssal intrusion and probably emplaced at low level crust. The study rocks have hypersolvus to transsolvus alkali feldspar textures, calc-alkaline to high K calc-alkaline affinity, high LILE+LREE and low HREE. Comparing with the standard spider diagram pattern for several tectonic setting, the Aralan intrusion is compatible with post-collision and within-plate tectonic setting. The study rocks belong to the A2-type subgroup of A-type granitoids. The Aralan intrusion is associated with tensional phase after finishing the compressional phase of Pan-African orogeny.

Mard-abad calc-alkaline granite formed along the margin of active pull-apart or intra-continental plates, and it is post-collision granite type. Granophyric, perthitic and myrmekitic are main textures that could form from crystallization of hypersolvus source magma, which occurred under water vapor pressure of approximately 2 kb. During this study the temperature of formation of these granites has been estimated as high as 750 to 800 C° based on mineralogical and geochemical evidences. However, the thermometric measurement on zircon crystals has also been applied to achieve this goal. Zircon is of great importance because of its certain features such as resistance to chemical and mechanical processes, high melting point, and the ability of recording various geological events in its external structure as well as its internal texture. Crystallization of zircon is a function of temperature, chemical composition and the amount of water of the magma. The morphology of zircon crystals in Mard-abad granite points hybrid origin of granitic magma, which is in accordance with the geochemical evidence of the associated rocks. Such morphology also indicates to calc-alkaline and dry nature of the magma. The calculated crystallization temperature of these granite bodies is 700 to 800 C° based on morphology of zircons, 772. 2 to 792 C° according to zircon saturation thermometry, and 760 to 800 C° based on the results from chemical analyses.

Introduction. In patients with anterior open bite, wether with skeletal factors, or with dental factors, the excessive eruption of posterior teeth, is one of the specific findings, and this excessive eruption causes the backward and downward rotation of mandible, which results in an increase in lower facial height and steep mandibular plane. In these patients, depressing of posterior teeth is the ideal treatment and to achieve this goal is one of the most difficult tooth movements for orthodontist. Methods. For this purpose, a removable appliance was designed and to evaluate its eficacy, six patients were selected, four of them were in permanent dentition and two in mixed dentition period. They were under treatment with this appliance, full time for three to three and a half months. Before starting treatment, lateral cephalometric radiograph and study casts were prepared and the above mentioned period were repeated. The amount of bite closure was measured by comparing study casts before and after treatment. Also cephalometric changes were evaluated by comparing pre-and-post treatment records.Results. As a result average of maxillary first molar intrusion was 1.1 mm and average of mandibular first molar intrusion was 1.3 mm , which had resulted in upward and forward rotation of the mandible. The average changes due to mandibular rotation were: The amount of bite closure 3.7mm; Decrease in lower facial height 3mm; Prominence of chin 3.2 mm; Decrease in mandibular plane angle 2.3; Decrease in y-axis angle 2; Increase in facial angle 2.3.Discussion. Therefore it is obvious that clinically the suggested appliance is capable of, intruding posterior teeth in both of maxilla and mandible and then due to upward and forward rotation of the mandible, the steep mandibular plane and lower facial height are decreased. Now according to the results of this investigation can be highly hopefull that, the number of patients who need orthographic surgery, for correction of anterior open bite to be diminished.

Chah Torsh intrusive body in S-W of Nadushan is a small part of extensive magmatism of Oligo-Miocene age in Urumieh-Dokhtar magmatic belt. This is the largest intrusive mass of SW of Nadushan complex which are all outcropped as masses cut through Eocene volcanics. The Chah Torsh intrusion consists of two phases with porphyry and granular textures. Geochemical properties of two phases on the basis of trace elements contents and variations on Harker and spider diagrams indicate that they can be comagmatic. Lower ratio of Rb/K and silicate amount in granular phase in comparison to porphyry phase with higher amounts of HFSE such as Y, Zr, Th, Ta and Ti showing that the granular phase is a poor silica residual resulted from fractional crystallization of monzogranitic porphyric phase. High amounts of REE in Chah Torsh parent magma from one hand and high K content on the other hand resulted in decreasing P solubility in granodioritic melt causing apatite fractionation.

The spatangoid genus Schizaster Agassiz is recorded, for the first time, from the Lutetian (Middle Eocene) deposits of Sargaz area, south of Kerman, Iran. The Lutetian sediments of Sargaz region contain a rich and divers echinoid fauna represented by Cidaridae, Conoclypeidae, Echinolampadidae, Toxopneustidae, Phymosomatidae and Schizasteridae. Schizasteroid echinoids are an important component of this fauna. Five Schizasteroid echinoids assigned to genus Schizaster are described and illustrated in the present paper. The Schizaster species are Schizaster ambulacrum, S. archiaci, S. globulus, S. lucidus and S. spado. The Schizaster specimens occur in association with a rich nummulitids and alveolinids fauna, and macro-invertebrates consisting of bivalves and gastropods, which suggest a Lutetian age for the sediment. Associated micro-macro fauna also indicate a warm and shallow water environment was prevailed during the deposition of the sediments.

The Late-Eocene, Early-Oligocene Zahedan granitic rocks are intruded the felysch zone of the east Iran. They are mainly granodiorite, I-type and calc-alkaline. F and Cl contents in biotite from the Zahedan granitic rocks range from 0. 1 to 0.66 and 0.01 to 0.09 wt. %, respectively.  F contents in the biotites are negatively correlated with XTi and Cl contents and positively are correlated with XSi and Mg/(Mg + Fe). Values of the calculated log(ƒH2O/ƒHF) and log(ƒH2O/ƒHCl) of fluid in equilibrium with the chemical composition of biotite range from 3.98 to 4.90 and 1.41 to 2.63, respectively. The contour lines representing these values are different with slope of trend of biotite composition suggesting, the fluid composition also play some role in incorporation of F in biotite in addition to the chemical structure of biotite. IV (F) for biotites in the Zahedan granitic rocks is similar to those of igneous rocks and porphyry Cu ore deposits and IV (Cl) of biotites in the Zahedan granitic rocks is similar to those of hydrothermal and ore forming systems and those of granitic rocks.  Based on the IV (Cl), biotites from the Zahedan granitic rocks tend to be more Cl rich than comparable values from biotites in other granitic rocks and less Cl rich than those of porphyry Cu ore deposits. Calculated IV (F/Cl) of biotites from the Zahedan granitic rocks is more similar to ore-forming systems such as porphyry Cu ore deposits. Therefore, the chemical composition of biotites from the Zahedan granitic rocks was interacted with hydrothermal solutions.